Civic design bibliography


Dynamics in Document Design: Creating Text for Readers

Why the book is helpful

  •  Comprehensive review of the literature on document design
  •  Strong chapter on typography

This entry is a compilation of guidelines on typography culled from Karen Schriver’s book on document design

 Additional details

Typeface

  • When type resolution is good, as is the case with most computer displays, sans-serif and serif fonts are equally legible. However, most readers, including those of different ages and with low vision and “normal” vision, prefer sans-serif type when reading online.

  • Low vision readers often prefer non-italic type.

  • Readers are often sensitive to the weight of a type (e.g. light vs. bold), making it an effective visual cue.

Type Size

  • Smaller type (e.g. 10-point) often takes longer to read but tends to improve reading accuracy, possibly because of the concentration needed to read it.

  • Readers often prefer 12-point type over 10-point type.

  • Children and elderly readers prefer slightly larger type (14-point sans-serif), while visually impaired readers prefer 14-point to 16-point sans-serif type.

Case

  • Readers are slower when reading all uppercase letters, with optimal reading speed occurring with mixed-case text.

  • When all uppercase words are used in small amounts (for headings, etc.) they can work as an effective visual cue, though bold type is shown to be a stronger visual cue.

Leading

  • Longer line length and larger type size often requires greater vertical space between the lines of text (called “leading”) for better readability and scanning.

Justification

  • Readers prefer left aligned/ragged right margins

  • Fully justified text causes large, uneven spaces between words that can make text more difficult to read.

Links to the book

Schriver, K. (1996) Dynamics in Document Design: Creating Text for Readers. Morgan Kauffman